B.A English A
NOVEL THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA
Q.WRITE A NOTE ON ERNEST HEMINGWAY?
A.ERNEST HEMINGWAY WAS BORN IN OAK PARK.
HE GRADUATED FROM OAK PARK HIGH SCHOOL.
HE WANTED TO JOIN THE ARMY BUT WAS REJECTED BECAUSE OF POOR EYESIGHT.THEN HE WENT TO ITALY WHERE HE BECAME AN AMBULANCE DRIVER AND TOOK PART IN WORLD WAR.HE WAS BADLY INJURED DURING THE WAR.HE SPENT MANY WEEKS IN A RED CROSS HOSPITAL.FROM HOSPITAL,HE WENT TO AMERICA AND THEN TO PARIS.THEN HE BECAME A WRITER.HIS WRITINGS BECAME MORE AND MORE INTERESTING.HE BECAME A NEWS REPORTER.HEMINGWAY HAS BASED HIS WRITINGS OH HIS PERSONAL KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE.HE DISPLAYS HIS KNOWLEDGE HONESTLY,DIRECTLY AND CLEARLY.HIS LIFE WAS FULL OF ACTIVITY LIKE SHOOTING,BIG GAME,REPORTING AND WRITING.HE HAD MULTIDIMENSIONAL PERSONALITY.
HE CAN RIGHTLY BE CALLED A GENIUS.
Q.DESCRIBE THE MOST EXCITING INCIDENT OF THE NOVEL.
A.THE NOVEL OLD MAN AND THE SEA IS FULL OF EXCITEMENT.THE OLD-MAN STRUGGLE TO KILL THE FISH IS THE MOST IMPORTANT AND EXCITING INCIDENT OF THE NOVEL.HE WAS ABLE TO HOOK A MARLIN ON THE EIGHTY FIFTH DAY.THE FISH CONTINUED SWIMMING IN THE DEEP WATER.HOWEVER,ON THE THIRD DAY,THE MARLIN STARTED CIRCLING.AT LAST IT WAS FLOATING DEAD IN THE WATER.
Q.IS THE OCEAN/SEA IN THE NOVEL A LIVING BEING.DO YOU THINK THAT THE OCEAN/SEA IN THE NOVEL IS ALSO A LIVING CHARACTER LIKE SANTIAGO?
A.IT SOMETIMES BEHAVED IN A FRIENDLY MANNER AND SOMETIMES UNFRIENDLY MANNER.IN BOTH THE CASES THE SEA BEHAVED AS A LIVING BEING.SO THE SEA IN THE NOVEL IS RIGHTLY CONSIDERED
AS A LIVING BEING.
Q.HE NO LONGER DREAMED OF STORMS,OR OF WOMEN OR OF GREAT OCCURRENCES,OR OF GREAT FISH,NOR LIGHTS,OR CONTESTS OF STRENGTH,NOR OF HIS WIFE,HE ONLY DREAMED OF PLACES NOW AND OF THE LIONS ON THE BEACH?
Q.WHAT DO THE DREAMS OF THE OLD MAN SYMBOLIZE?
A.MANOLIN AND SANTIAGO HAD THEIR DINNER AND MANOLIN HAD GONE HOME.SANTIAGO ROLLED HIMSELF IN THE BLANKET AND SLEPT.HE DREAMED AFRICA.HE DID NOT DREAM OF STORMS.HE DREAMED OF PLACES AND OF LIONS ON THE BEACH.HIS DREAMS OF PLACES AND THE LIONS SYMBOLIZE WHAT WAS GOING TO HAPPEN.HE NEEDED THE STRENGTH AND ENDURANCE OF THE LIONS DURING THAT FIGHT.
Q.DESCRIBE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SANTIAGO AND MANOLIN.
U TUBE.GIULIANO STROE STRONG.
A.THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SANTIAGO AND MANOLIN WAS A VERY DEEP ONE.HE USED TO FISH IN THE OLD MANS BOAT WITH HIM.IN SPITE OF THE GREAT DIFFERENCE IN THEIR AGES,THE TWO WERE ALWAYS VERY HAPPY TO BE TOGETHER..MANOLIN HAD GREAT AFFECTION FOR THE OLD MAN.THE OLD MAN ALSO LOVED HIM LIKE HIS OWN SON.THE BOY BROUGHT FOOD AND OTHER THINGS FOR THE OLD MAN.HE TOOK CARE FOR HIM IN EVERY WAY.HE ALWAYS ENCOURAGED HIM.SANTIAGO ALSO LOVED HIM DEEPLY.HIS COMPANY WITH MANOLIN WAS ALSO A GREAT CHARM FOR HIM.HE RESPECTED AND SERVED THE OLD MAN IN MANY WAYS.THEIR CONVERSATION SHOWS THE DEEP EMOTIONAL ATTACHMENT BETWEEN THE TWO.
SELF-DONE IS WELL DONE.
Q.WHAT WERE THE MAJOR INTERESTS OF SANTIAGO.?
A.FISHING WAS HIS MAJOR INTEREST.HE WAS NOT AN ORDINARY FISHERMAN.HE WAS EXCEPTIONALLY SKILLED IN HIS PROFESSION.TALKING TO MANOLIN WAS A GREAT INTEREST OF THE OLD MAN.HE IS ALSO INTERESTED IN BASEBALL.
Q.IMPORTANCE OF BASEBALL,MANOLIN, DIMAGGIO.HERO OF THE OLD MAN DIMAGGIO.
A.SANTIAGO REMEMBERS AND MENTIONS HIM MANY TIMES.WHENEVER THE OLD MAN IS IN TROUBLE HE REMEMBERS DIMAGGIO,MANOLIN AND BASEBALL.THEY REFRESH HIS FAITH AND STRENGTH.THEY ARE VERY IMPORTANT FACTORS IN THE NOVEL.SANTIAGO IS THE HERO OF THE NOVEL BUT IT SEEMS THAT DIMAGGIO IS SANTIAGO'S HERO.SANTIAGO LIKES BASEBALL THAT IS THE NATIONAL GAME OF AMERICA.SANTIAGO'S INTEREST IN BASEBALL LEADS HIM TO LOVE DIMAGGIO WHO IS VERY FAMOUS PLAYER OF BASEBALL.SANTIAGO MENTIONS BASEBALL AND DIMAGGIO WHILE TALKING TO MANOLIN.HE IS A YANKEE.
Q.ELABORATE SANTIAGO'S HAND MATCH WITH THE NEGRO?
A.DURING SANTIAGO'S STAY AT CASABLANCA HE MET A NEGRO.THE NEGRO CLAIMED TO BE THE STRONGEST MAN ON THE DOCKS.THEN BOTH OF THEM PLAYED HAND GAME TO DECIDE WHO WAS MORE POWERFUL THAN THE OTHER.THE COMPETITION WAS HELD AT A TABLE.EACH ONE OF THEM TRIED HIS BEST TO BRING DOWN THE HAND OF THE OTHER FELLOW DOWN ON THE TABLE.THERE WAS GREAT BETTING AND GAMBLING AT THE MATCH.MANY PEOPLE GATHERED AROUND BOTH OF THEM.MOST OF THE PEOPLE THEN THOUGHT THAT THE CONTEST WAS GOING TO END IN A DRAW.BUT SANTIAGO PUT SO MUCH STRESS ON THE HAND OF THE NEGRO THAT IT CAME DOWN ON THE TABLE.THUS THE SANTIAGO DEFEATED THE NEGRO.
Q.SANTIAGO GREAT FIGHTER.
CHARACTER;
A.COURAGE,DETERMINATION AND ENDURANCE ARE THE MAIN QUALITIES OF SANTIAGO'S CHARACTER.THESE ARE THE QUALITIES THAT MAKE HIM A GREAT FIGHTER.
SANTIAGO'S VIEWS ABOUT HIS FAILURE;
HE THOUGHT THAT IT WAS ONLY HIS LUCK THAT WAS NOT HELPING HIM.
Q.DESCRIBE THE STORY OF THE NOVEL.
Q.DESCRIBE THE MAIN POINTS;
Q.DESCRIBE THE ADVENTURES OF SANTIAGO AT THE SEA.Q.DISCUSS PLOT OF THE NOVEL.
Q.HOW SANTIAGO SPENT HIS THREE DAYS AT THE SEA.Q.NOVEL OF CHARACTER.
Q.NARRATIVE NOVEL.
Q.NOVEL AS AN ALLEGORY.
Q.PARABLE NOVEL. HEMINGWAY'S KNOWLEDGE;STYLE;
INTRODUCTION;NOVEL OF CHARACTER.
1.HEMINGWAY'S KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE SEA AND FISHING IS PERFECT.SANTIAGO IS THE CENTRAL CHARACTER OF THE NOVEL.THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA IS AN INTERESTING,INSPIRING AND IMPRESSIVE NOVEL OF HEMINGWAY.THE NOVEL SHOWS MAN UNDEFEATABLE DETERMINATION,FAITH,EFFORTS, ENDURANCE AND FIGHT AGAINST THE HEAVY ODDS OF LIFE.THIS REPRESENTATIVE NOVEL WON NOBEL PRIZE AND FAME FOR THE WRITER.THE NOVEL IS SIMPLE IN STYLE AND SYMBOLIC IN NATURE.IT SHOWS MANS HIDDEN QUALITIES IN THE FACE OF HARDSHIPS.THE HERO OF THE NOVEL AN OLD MAN ANNOUNCES THAT MAN IS NOT MADE FOR DEFEAT.A MAN CAN BE DESTROYED BUT NOT DEFEATED.IT IS A NOVEL OF CHARACTER.ALMOST ALL THE EVENTS OF THE NOVEL REVOLVE ROUND THE CHARACTER OF SANTIAGO.
1. FORTUNE HELPS THE BRAVE.
2.BACKGROUND; UNLUCKY DAYS;HARDSHIPS.
SANTIAGO LIVED IN A SHACK AT THE COAST OF THE GULF OF HAVANA IN CUBA. A YOUNG BOY MANOLIN ALSO WORKED WITH HIM AT HIS BOAT.ONCE THE OLD MAN COULD NOT CATCH A FISH FOR FORTY DAYS.MANOLINS PARENTS SHIFTED HIM TO ANOTHER BOAT.THE OLD MAN HAD TO FISH ALONE.HE COULDN'T CATCH A FISH EVEN FOR EIGHTY FOUR DAYS BUT HE IS OPTIMISTIC ABOUT HIS SUCCESS.HE WAS CONSIDERED UNLUCKY BY THE OTHER FISHERMEN.MANOLIN RESPECTED AND HELPED THE OLD MAN.SANTIAGO HOPED THAT HE WOULD CATCH A BIG FISH ON THE EIGHTY-FIFTH DAY.
2.MISFORTUNE NEVER COMES ALONE.
2.PHYSICAL BRAVERY IS AN ANIMAL INSTINCT, MORAL BRAVERY IS A HIGHER AND TRUE COURAGE.
3.SEARCH FOR THE BIG FISH.
HOW FAR WILL YOU GO.
3.ON THE EIGHTY-FIFTH DAY SANTIAGO WENT FAR OUT INTO THE SEA TO TRY HIS LUCK.AT NOON HE HOOKED A BIG FISH.THE STARTED PULLING THE SKIFF AWAY INTO THE OPEN SEA.IN SPITE OF HIS BEST EFFORTS,SANTIAGO COULD NOT PULL UP THE FISH.HE UNDERSTOOD THAT IT IS A VERY ROUGH TIME.THE FISH WAS SWIMMING DEEP DOWN INTO THE WATER AND THE OLD MAN EVEN DIDN'T KNOW WHAT HE HAD HOOKED.THE SUN SET DOWN BUT THE FISH WAS STILL SWIMMING.THE OLD MAN WISHED THAT HE HAD THE BOY WITH HIM.HE COULD NOT SLEEP.
3.NO PAINS NO GAINS.
4.FIGHT WITH THE BIG FISH MARLIN.
4.THE NEXT DAY THE THINGS WERE THE SAME.THE FISH WAS SWIMMING STEADILY.THE OLD MAN WAS ALL ALONE ON THE SEA.HE TALKED TO HIMSELF.HE DIDN'T LOSE HEART.HE SAID FISH I WILL STAY WITH YOU UNTIL I AM DEAD.THE DAY PASSED AND THE SECOND NIGHT CAME WITH NO CHANGE IN THE BEHAVIOR OF THE FISH.SANTIAGO PRAYED TO GOD FOR THE DEATH OF THE FISH.ON THE THIRD DAY,THE OLD MAN WAS TIRED.HE WAS FEELING GIDDY.HIS EYES WERE FAINTING BUT HE STILL GOT RETAINED HIS RESOLUTION.HE WAS BEARING ALL THE PAIN BRAVELY.THE FISH BEGAN CIRCLING AND THE OLD MAN PREPARED HIMSELF FOR THE FINAL ROUND.IT WAS AFTER A GREAT STRUGGLE THAT HE WAS ABLE TO KILL THAT BIG FISH.THE OLD MAN HIMSELF FELT FAINT AND SICK.HE TIED THE FISH ALONGSIDE THE BOAT AND BEGAN TO SAIL TO THE SHORE.
4.WAR IS A GAME.
5.FIGHT WITH THE SHARKS.
5.BUT THE BATTLE WAS NOT YET OVER.AFTER AN HOUR THE FIRST SHARK ATTACKED THE FISH.SANTIAGO KILLED THE SHARK BUT IT WENT DOWN WITH HIS HARPOON AND A BIG PIECE OF THE FISH.THEN TWO MORE SHARKS ATTACKED.HE KILLED THEM BRAVELY BUT THEY TORE AWAY SOME QUARTER OF THE BIG FISH.THE OLD MAN KNEW THAT THERE WOULD BE MORE SHARKS.BUT HE WAS DETERMINED AND RESOLUTE.MAN IS NOT MADE FOR DEFEAT HE SAID.A MAN CAN BE DESTROYED BUT NOT DEFEATED.THE SUN WENT DOWN. AT NIGHT THE OLD MAN KEPT ON BEATING THE SHARKS BUT THERE WAS NOT MUCH TO BE DONE.
5.WAR IS A GAME.
6.THE RESULT;END.MORAL VICTORY.6.AT DAWN HE REACHED THE SHORE WITH THE SKELETON OF THE BIG FISH.HE THOUGHT THAT HE WAS BEATEN.BUT MANOLIN ASSURED HIM THAT THE BIG FISH HAD NOT BEATEN HIM.THE OLD MAN FELL ASLEEP AND DREAM OF THE LIONS AND HIS PAST YOUTH.THUS HIS ADVENTUROUS THREE DAYS AT THE SEA HAD COME TO AN END.THE OTHER FISHERMEN WERE AMAZED AT THE BIG SIZE OF THE FISH SANTIAGO HAD HOOKED.
6.MORALITY IS A PRIVATE AND COSTLY LUXURY.
7.PLOT;TREATMENT;MORAL;HEMINGWAY'S STYLE.
7.HEMINGWAYS'S
PLOTS ARE VERY SIMPLE.THEY ARE CONCERNED WITH ONE OR TWO MAIN
CHARACTERS,THEIR DISAPPOINTMENTS AND THEIR STRUGGLE TO ACHIEVE HONOR AND
DIGNITY.LIKE HIS OTHER NOVELS.THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA ALSO ENDS AT A
POINT WHERE IT BEGINS.THE READER IS INTERESTED HOW THE OLD FISHERMAN
WILL COME OUT OF HIS STRUGGLE WITH THE BIG FISH AND HIS FIGHT AGAINST
THE SHARKS.IT IS CLEAR THAT THE OLD MAN WAS BOUND TO LOSE,BUT AT WHAT
COST?HE LOSES HIS MARLIN BUT WHAT HE ACHIEVES IS FAR MORE VALUABLE.HE
ACHIEVES THE INSIGHT THAT ONE MUST GO ON STRUGGLING WHATEVER BE THE
COST.HE ACHIEVES DIGNITY IN OUR EYES.THE NOVEL IS RIGHTLY CONSIDERED THE
NOVEL OF CHARACTER BECAUSE IT HIGHLIGHTS THE OLD MANS UNFLINCHING
FAITH,UNLIMITED ENDURANCE,BOUNDLESS RESOLUTION AND CEASELESS EFFORTS. 7.MORALITY IS A PRIVATE AND COSTLY LUXURY.
THEME OF THE NOVEL IS ONE MUST GO ON STRUGGLING WHATEVER BE THE COST.
8.MANOLIN- A SOURCE OF FRIENDSHIP;
8.THE OLD MANS WIFE HAD DIED.HE WAS LIVING ALONE IN HIS SMALL COTTAGE.MANOLIN NOT ONLY HELPED HIM IN GETTING HIS BOAT READY FOR FISHING BUT ALSO BROUGHT HIM MEALS.HE VISITED HIM AND TALKED WITH HIM ABOUT THE PAST.THE OLD MAN NEEDED COMPANY AND FRIENDSHIP.HE TOLD SANTIAGO THAT HE SHOULD NOT LOSE HEART.HE REMINDED HIM THAT HE WAS A COURAGEOUS MAN.IT CLEARLY SHOWS THAT BOTH OF THEM WERE EMOTIONALLY ATTACHED TO EACH OTHER.THE BOY OFFERED TO BRING SARDINES FOR HIM.
8.A FRIEND IN NEED IS A FRIEND INDEED
NOVEL AS SYMBOLISM;
9.SANTIAGO SYMBOL OF MAN.
9.SANTIAGO STANDS FOR MAN.AS THE SEA OF TIME IS LIMITLESS LIKEWISE IS LIMITLESS THE MIND OF MAN.HE SETS FOOT ON THE SEA WITH GREAT COURAGE,FIRM FAITH AND UNDEFEATABLE DETERMINATION.THE WAVES ARE THE HARDSHIPS A MAN HAS TO FACE WHILE THE SKIFF IS THE SYMBOL OF LIFE.MAN HAS TO ROW THIS BOAT OF LIFE ON THE STORMY SEA OF TIME.HE IS ARMED WITH A HARPOON,A GAFF,OARS,HIS WISDOM,INTELLECT AND SKILL.THIS EQUIPMENT IS NOTHING AS COMPARED TO THE POWER OF THE SEA AND THE FORCES WORKING AGAINST MAN.
9.MAN IS NOT MADE FOR DEFEAT.
10.THE BIG FISH IS THE SYMBOL OF MANS GOAL.
10.THE BIG FISH IS THE SYMBOL OF MANS GOAL.OUR BIG FISH IS SOMEWHERE IN THE SEA.WE HAVE TO SEARCH FOR IT FAR AWAY FROM THE SHORE.WE ARE ALONE IN OUR SEARCH FOR OUR GOAL.WE MAY WISH THAT OUR MANOLIN HAD BEEN WITH US BUT HE IS NOT HERE TO HELP US.OUR BIG FISH PULLS US AWAY TO TEST POWER.WE HAVE TO FIGHT HARD TO TOW OUR BIG FISH.FOR THIS WE MUST GO THROUGH FIRE AND WATER.OUR HANDS MAY BE CRAMPED,FINGERS BLEEDING,EYES FAINTING AND SENSES CONFUSING.WE MUST CONTINUE OUR STRUGGLE.
10.STRUGGLE IS THE ESSENCE OF LIFE.
11.MANOLIN SYMBOL OF YOUTH;
11.MANOLIN IS THE SYMBOL OF YOUTH.THE OLD MAN WISHES THAT MANOLIN WERE WITH HIM.HE ALSO DREAMS OF LIONS.HE RECALLS HIS SUCCESSFUL FIGHT WITH THE POWERFUL NEGRO.HE WISHES THAT HE WERE YOUNG ONCE AGAIN.BUT IT IS NOT THE PHYSICAL POWER WHICH IS NECESSARY TO FACE THE HARDSHIPS;IT IS THE STRONG RESOLUTION.IT IS THE SOUND OF BELIEF THAT MAN IS NOT MADE FOR DEFEAT.A MAN CAN BE DESTROYED BUT NOT DEFEATED.THE IGNORANT TOURISTS DOES NOT KNOW WHAT THE OLD MAN HAS ACHIEVED AND WHAT HIS FISH SIGNIFIES.
11.YOUTH COMES BUT ONCE IN A LIFE TIME.
12.DREAMS ABOUT BEACHES AND ISLANDS.
12.THE OLD MAN DREAMS ABOUT THE GOLDEN BEACHES,LIONS, HIGH MOUNTAINS AND WHITE PEAKS OF ISLANDS.THIS SHOWS HIS DESIRE FOR UNLIMITED POWER AND STRENGTH.HE WANTED TO GET POWER AND RULE OVER VAST AREAS AS THE SEA,THE MOUNTAINS AND ISLANDS.IT IS CLEAR THAT THE OLD MAN HAS A STRONG DESIRE TO GET HIS YOUTH,STRENGTH AND ENERGIES TO FACE THE HARDSHIPS OF LIFE MORE BRAVELY AND MORE POWERFULLY.THE DREAMS OF THE OLD MAN ALSO SHOW THAT THE WRITER HAD DEEP INSIGHT INTO HUMAN PSYCHOLOGY.HE KNEW WHAT WAS HAPPENING IN THE OLD MANS MIND.HE CAN LOOK INTO THE OLD MANS MIND AND SEE THE FORCES WORKING THERE.
12.DREAMS GO BY CONTRARIES.13.CODE HERO.
13.SANTIAGO IS AN OLD CUBAN FISHERMAN.HE IS NOT IN SEARCH OF ANY CODE OF LIFE BUT HE HAS REALIZED THE CODE OF LIFE.HE IS DIGNIFIED IN HIS BEHAVIOR.HE SAYS ABOUT HIMSELF,I MAY NOT BE AS STRONG AS I THINK.BUT I KNOW MANY TRICKS AND I HAVE RESOLUTION.HE SHOWS CONFIDENCE IN ALL CIRCUMSTANCES LIKE OTHER CODE HEROES.
13.LIFE IS A NAME OF TRICKS AND TACTICS.
14.HIS LONELINESS;
14.SANTIAGO'S WIFE HAD DIED AND HE WAS LIVING ALONE.IN ORDER TO OVERCOME HIS FEELING OF LONELINESS HE HAD FORMED THE HABIT OF TALKING TO HIMSELF.HE TALKED ALOUD WITH HIMSELF TO ENCOURAGE,CONSOLE,AND COMFORT HIMSELF.HE TALKED TO THE SEA,BIRDS AND FISH.IT IS PATHETIC TO FIND HIM SAYING NO ONE SHOULD BE ALONE IN THE OLD AGE.
14.LONELINESS IS A CURSE.
15.HIS SENSE OF RELIGION.
15.HE WAS NOT PARTICULARLY A RELIGIOUS MAN.HOWEVER,HE WAS A TRUE BELIEVER IN GOD.HE REQUESTED GOD TO HELP THE FISH IN EATING THE BAIT.WHEN HE WAS TIRED AFTER A GREAT STRUGGLE WITH THE BIG MARLIN,HE PRAYED TO GOD TO HELP HIM IN KILLING IT.HE PROMISED TO MAKE PILGRIMAGE IF HE COULD CATCH THE FISH.HE ALSO PROMISED THAT HE WOULD SAY TEN OUR FATHERS AND TEN HAIL MARY'S.HE WAS VERY HONEST.HE TOLD MANOLIN NOT TO STEAL SARDINES.
15.FAITH IS THE INDEX OF MIND.
16.HIS SENSE OF HUMOR.
16.THE OLD MAN HAD GREAT SENSE OF HUMOR.HE MADE JOKES EVEN WITH THE BIRDS.WHEN A SMALL BIRD SAT ON HIS LINE,HE SAID TO IT.HOW OLD ARE YOU?IS THIS YOUR FIRST TRIP?HE HUMOROUSLY SAID TO HIS CRAMPED HAND.HOW DO YOU FEEL HAND?I WILL EAT SOME MORE FOR YOU."
16.A SENSE OF HUMOR IS A SENSE OF PROPORTION.
THE END
B.A English B
Q.Multi Topic Essay
There is no blinking at the fact that ________ is a widespread problem. It is a curs and disease which has cost disastrous impact on our society and the nation. It is one of the greatest social, economical, political and moral problems. It has been a cause of great disturbance to the peaceful fabric of our society. The problem has assumed poisonous and intense position for the last decade. Now it has really become a threat for our society. That's why it needs to be tackled promptly and immediately.
It is worth mentioning here that this menace is confined not only to our country or society, but it has also spread in the world at large scale. This universal issue is disturbing the whole world but its intensity in our country for the last few years has greatly increased. It has rotten our social, political, economic institutions to the core. We are perhaps the worst victims of the vice. The causes of spreading _________ are various but the important of these are being described as under;
Causes:
The main cause of ________ in our society is our loose administration. The administrative high ups behave so seriously and carelessly in important matter which finally result in untold trouble for our country. The government has failed to check its evil consequences and no efforts are thus made to check problem of system. Another major cause of _________ is our illiteracy rate of our country. Most of the people are illiterate. They are unaware of harmful consequences of this evil. The co-operation with the government counts a lot in "such matters" but our public is not serious in cooperating with the government.
Due to above mentioned reasons this evil is spreading rapidly. I am afraid if no step is taken to control the problem, it will soon become acute and will result heavy loss for the whole society. I suggest following steps to check this tendency.
Suggestions:
The administrative setup in the country should be strengthened because the strong governmental setup can solve the problems effectively. Literacy rate of the country should be increased because only educated society can be aware of these problems. Public should co-operate with the government. Public must be made feel their responsibilities. They should take interest in the affairs of country. The concept of national consolidation should be launched. It is only national unity which can make our future bright and brilliant. National unity certainly will help us to check the tendency. Religion always plays a vital role in the affairs of my nation. It gives sufficient guidance to overcome the moral and social problems. Islam is a universal religion which covers each and every aspect of man's life. So Islam can be helpful to a great extent in solving the problem of __________.
CLICK ON THE OLDER POSTS FOR SPIRITUAL GHAMAYTU.
1.Social problems in our society and crimes in our society.
2. Corruption.
3. Social evils.
4. Nepotism.
5. Smuggling.
6. Over population.
7. Population and poverty.
8. Inflation.
9. Dearness.
10. Drug.
11. Sectarianism.
12.Social and economic problems of Pakistan
13. Economic crises.
14. Mass illiteracy.
15. Beggary.
16. Drug addiction.
17. Bribery.
18. Dowry.
19. Violence.
20. Despair.
21. Depression.
22. Black marketing.
23.Social and economic crises.
24. Indiscipline.
25. Hoarding.
26. Hypocrisy.
27. Injustice.
28. Road side robbery.
29. Provincialism.
30. Religious violence.
31. Ethic violence.
32. Lack of tolerance.
33. Dis unity.
34. Black biting.
35. Un employment.
36. Terrorism.
37. Lawlessness.
38.Violation of fundamental rights.
39.Feudalism or Feudal Repute.
40. Capitalism.
41. Flattery.
42. Health problems.
43. Freedom of press.
44. Tax exclusion.
45. In sufficient Medical facilities.
46. Crushing border of foreign debt.
47. The devastation of currency.
48. Electricity crises.
49. Inflation.
50. Mass illiteracy.
OUTLINE.
1. Introduction.
2. The evil impacts and implication of __________.
3. It breeds a lot of social, economic, political and moral problems.
4. Causes of the _____________.
5. Remedies.
6. Conclusion.
__________ has become one of the most embarrassing (tension) and explosive problem all over the world especially in the third world countries like Pakistan
It is full of dangers of devastating dimensions, evil impact, implication of grave and impressive magnitude.
___________ creates instability and demoralization in our nation and in a back flesh it breeds depression and frustration in our society and state. It creates and spreads the feelings of uncertainly and insecurity among the masses.
If ________creeps in a society. It eats into its vitals and soon corrodes its inner strength, outer splendour, economic prosperity, social peace and national unity. Consequently, a nation good image is spoiled all over the world.
Lawlessness becomes order of the day indiscipline due to poverty, corruption, violence, indiscipline and mass illiteracy.
It creates conflict and confrontation. It is not efficiently and properly and checked the entire indicial Marla and economic fabric of nation is close and collapsed. __________ is highly detriment and devastating for a country like Pakistan
__________ has badly shattered the structure of the country. It causes a severe blow to the law of country and supremacy of the constitution is shattered by it. It deprives mass of mental, physical, spiritual, moral and economic prosperity and causes grave concerns for national unity and territorial integrity ________ also paves way for bloody regulations and military take over.
So every peace loving person who fervently longs and cherished dreams for peace, prosperity and protection must ponder upon causes of social concern of _________.
The main causes of _______ are mass illiteracy, poverty, wrong economic policies of the government, people’s insatiable desire to accumulate countless riches and blind multiplication of worldly whishes.
_________ creates irresistible, economic pressure on social and economic justice and gulfs have been increased between the lower and upper class.
In a nutshell, mass illiteracy, temptation for ostentation of wealth, lust for power, luxury and comfort are the main causes of ________.
Social, religious, linguistic differences also breed conflict and confrontation bias and hatred among the people who in back flesh grow and spread ________. Secondly feudalism, capitalism and unequal distribution of opportunities, un-availability of fundamental rights and liberties spread __________.
Thirdly the non-availability of basic necessities and facilities also paves the way to spread _______ in a society or state. External factors like agents or agencies of hostile neighboring state like India andRussia
It should be the basic and paramount concern of the men at the helm of our affairs as well as the scholars, educationists, Political parties, NGO’s and national mass media to take necessary steps at their levels for the eradication of growing penance of _________ in the best national and human inters.
POSSIBLE TOPICS:
Smoking, Unemployment, Corruption, Inflation, Drug Addiction, Terrorism, Social Injustice, Child Labour, Adult ration, Smuggling, Population Explosion, Bribery, Nepotism, Provincialism, Sectarianism
SOCIAL EVIL
There is no blinking at the fact that ________ is a widespread problem. It is a curs and disease which has cost disastrous impact on our society and the nation. It is one of the greatest social, economical, political and moral problems. It has been a cause of great disturbance to the peaceful fabric of our society. The problem has assumed poisonous and intense position for the last decade. Now it has really become a threat for our society. That's why it needs to be tackled promptly and immediately.
It is worth mentioning here that this menace is confined not only to our country or society, but it has also spread in the world at large scale. This universal issue is disturbing the whole world but its intensity in our country for the last few years has greatly increased. It has rotten our social, political, economic institutions to the core. We are perhaps the worst victims of the vice. The causes of spreading _________ are various but the important of these are being described as under;
Causes:
The main cause of ________ in our society is our loose administration. The administrative high ups behave so seriously and carelessly in important matter which finally result in untold trouble for our country. The government has failed to check its evil consequences and no efforts are thus made to check problem of system. Another major cause of _________ is our illiteracy rate of our country. Most of the people are illiterate. They are unaware of harmful consequences of this evil. The co-operation with the government counts a lot in "such matters" but our public is not serious in cooperating with the government.
Due to above mentioned reasons this evil is spreading rapidly. I am afraid if no step is taken to control the problem, it will soon become acute and will result heavy loss for the whole society. I suggest following steps to check this tendency.
Suggestions:
The administrative setup in the country should be strengthened because the strong governmental setup can solve the problems effectively. Literacy rate of the country should be increased because only educated society can be aware of these problems. Public should co-operate with the government. Public must be made feel their responsibilities. They should take interest in the affairs of country. The concept of national consolidation should be launched. It is only national unity which can make our future bright and brilliant. National unity certainly will help us to check the tendency. Religion always plays a vital role in the affairs of my nation. It gives sufficient guidance to overcome the moral and social problems. Islam is a universal religion which covers each and every aspect of man's life. So Islam can be helpful to a great extent in solving the problem of __________.
Conclusion:
The above mentioned steps can eradicate this social evil from our society. The eradication of this evil will result into the welfare and betterment of our society. In this way our future will certainly bright, brilliant and strong.
The above mentioned steps can eradicate this social evil from our society. The eradication of this evil will result into the welfare and betterment of our society. In this way our future will certainly bright, brilliant and strong.
Important Note: put the topic title in the given blanks.
Q.MULTI TOPIC LETTER OR APPLICATION.
EXAMINATION HALL,
LAHORE.
APRIL7,2015.
DASH,
DASH,
LAHORE,
SIR,
IN RESPONSE TO YOUR ADVERTISEMENT PUBLISHED IN THE EXPRESS TODAY OR YESTERDAY FOR THE POST OF A DASH IN YOUR DASH.I OFFER MYSELF AS A CANDIDATE.I AM DASH YEARS OLD OR I AM DASH YEARS OF AGE.I COMPLETED MY GRADUATION FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF PUNJAB TWO YEARS AGO.I AM GOOD LOOKING AND HANDSOME.MY PERSONALITY IS GOOD.
MY BIO-DATA,CERTIFICATES AND TESTIMONIALS ARE ATTACHED WITH THE APPLICATION.MY C.V IS AS UNDER.
1.NAME; DASH.
2.FATHERS NAME; DASH.
3.ADDRESS; DASH.
4.DOB; DASH.
5.QUALIFICATION; DASH.
6.GAMES; DASH.
7.SOCIAL ACTIVITIES.I HAVE BEEN A GOOD DEBATER.
8.EXPERIENCE;WORKED AS A DASH IN A DASH FOR TWO YEARS.
9.COURSE; DASH.
10.MORE.HAFIZ-E-QURAN.
11.MOB; DASH.
I CAN BE CONTACTED AT THE ADDRESS OR MOBILE NUMBER GIVEN ABOVE.
HOPING FOR A FAVORABLE REPLY.
END
Q.MULTI TOPIC L OR AP.
EXN HL,
LHR,
A 7,2015.
DEAR FRIEND/FATHER/BROTHER,
I RECEIVED YOUR LETTER A FEW DAYS AGO BUT I COULD NOT REPLY IT SOON DUE TO HOUSE TESTS.ANYHOW,YOUR LETTER PROVIDED ME INFORMATION ABOUT YOUR CIRCUMSTANCES AND HEALTH.NOW-A-DAYS MY EXAMINATION IS NEAR AND I AM WORKING DAY AND NIGHT TO GET GOOD MARKS.I AM QUITE SATISFIED WITH MY STUDIES.
WRITE TWO OR THREE LINES HERE ABOUT THE TOPIC;
DASH;
DASH;
DASH;
PLEASE INFORM ME ABOUT YOUR BEING.I SHALL BE WITH YOU AFTER THE EXAMINATION.
FATHER,
BROTHER,
YOUR LOVING FRIEND,
DASH
END
Q.MULTI TOPIC LETTER OR APPLICATION
ANY PROBLEM
EXAMINATION HALL,
DASH.
APRIL 7,2015.
THE EDITOR,
THE EXPRESS,
OR
THE INSPECTOR GENERAL OF POLICE,
GOVERNMENT OF THE DASH,
DASH.
SIR,
THROUGH YOUR NEWSPAPER,I SHOULD LIKE TO HIGHLIGHT THE PROBLEM OF DASH.NOW,IT WAS NECESSARY TO INFORM YOU ABOUT THIS SERIOUS PROBLEM OF DASH.THIS PROBLEM IS A POISON FOR OUR SOCIETY.THE PROBLEM OF DASH IS A STIGMA FOR OUR SOCIETY.THIS PROBLEM HAS BECOME ONE OF THE MOST EMBARRASSING AND EXPLOSIVE PROBLEM.THE EXISTENCE OF THIS EVIL IN ANY SOCIETY HAS BAD EFFECTS.
SIR,
IT HAS BEEN OBSERVED WHERE THERE IS NO ORDER THE COUNTRY LOSE ITS BALANCE OR IT WAS EVIDENT FROM THE PAST THAT WHERE THERE IS NO ORDER THE COUNTRY LOSE ITS BALANCE OR WHEN WE READ THE PAGES OF HISTORY WE CAN SEE THAT WHERE THERE IS NO ORDER THE COUNTRY LOSE ITS BALANCE.
SOME SUGGESTIONS TO SOLVE THIS PROBLEM ARE GIVEN BELOW;
1.EVERY PAKISTANI SHOULD REALIZE HIS DUTY TO CHECK THIS EVIL.
2.IT IS A MAJOR PROBLEM SPECIALLY IN THE THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES.
3.WE CANNOT PROGRESS BECAUSE OF THIS PROBLEM.
4.THE GOVERNMENT HERSELF SHOULD TAKE SUITABLE STEPS TO DO THE NEED-FULL OR TO ERASE THE PROBLEM OF DASH.
5.THE PUBLIC SHOULD ALSO BE WARNED TO BE CAREFUL AND WISE IN FUTURE.
6.THE CONCERNED STAFF SHOULD BE MADE MORE ACTIVE.
I HOPE THAT SOMETHING WILL BE DONE IMMEDIATELY TO REMOVE THE FEARS AND MISSING GIVING'S FROM THE PUBLIC MIND OR TO REMOVE THE PROBLEM OF DASH.
SO,IN VIEW OF THE ABOVE FACTS YOU ARE REQUESTED TO ERASE OR SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF DASH.
I HOPE YOU WILL TAKE SERIOUS NOTICE IN THIS RESPECT.
I ALSO HOPE THAT ONLY U CAN SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF DASH.
I ONCE AGAIN WANT TO REQUEST U TO SOLVE THIS PROBLEM.
I SHALL BE VERY THANKFUL TO U FROM THE CORES OF MY HEART,IF THIS SERIOUS PROBLEM IS SOLVED.
YOURS TRULY,
DASH
ADDRESS; DASH
END
Q.WRITE A LETTER TO THE SECRETARY ROAD TRANSPORT AUTHORITY ABOUT THE TRANSPORT PROBLEM,THE COMMUTERS FACE IN YOUR CITY.
EX HL,
DASH.
AP 7,2015.
TO,
THE SECRETARY,
ROAD TRANSPORT AUTHORITY,
DASH.
SUBJECT;TRANSPORT PROBLEM IN DASH.
DEAR SIR,
I WANT TO DRAW YOUR ATTENTION TO THE SORROWFUL CONDITIONS OF TRANSPORT.STUDENTS AND PEOPLE AT BUS STOPS WANT TO REACH COLLEGES,EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AND OFFICES ON TIME BUT MOSTLY THEY GET LATE DUE TO URBAN TRANSPORT PROBLEMS.HUNDREDS OF COMMUTERS OR PEOPLES ARE SEEN STANDING AT DIFFERENT PLACES WAITING FOR WAGONS AND BUSES.THE URBAN TRANSPORT BUSES ARE RARELY SEEN WITH THE RESULT THAT THE COMMUTERS HAVE TO TRAVEL BY WAGONS.BUT,UNFORTUNATELY THE WAGON CONDUCTORS NOT ONLY MISBEHAVE WITH PEOPLE,PARTICULARLY LADIES BUT ALSO OVERLOAD THEIR WAGONS.THEY PACK THE PASSENGERS LIKE CHICKENS,DRIVE AT HIGH SPEED IN THE ATTEMPT TO OVERTAKE OTHER WAGONS.SOMETIMES THEY CAUSE ACCIDENTS.THE COMMUTERS TRAVEL IN THEM AT THE RISK OF THEIR LIVES.THE RICKSHAW AND TAXI FARES ARE BEYOND THE REACH OF COMMON PEOPLE.THERE R A FEW BUSES ON THE ROADS.SO,IN VIEW OF HE ABOVE FACTS THE NUMBER OF URBAN TRANSPORT BUSES SHOULD BE INCREASED OR THERE IS A NEED TO INCREASE THE NUMBER OF BUSES IN CITIES SO THAT STUDENTS MAY REACH IN TIME.STEPS SHOULD BE TAKEN TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF DASH.
END
Q.WRITE A LETTER TO THE SECRETARY EDUCATION,GOVT OF THE DASH GIVING STRONG REASONS TO UPGRADE THE HIGH SCHOOL FOR GIRLS IN YOUR TOWN.
92-MULTAN ROAD,
DASH.
APRIL 7,2015.
TO,
THE SECRETARY,
GOVERNMENT OF THE DASH,
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT,
DASH.
SUBJECT;UP GRADATION OF HIGH SCHOOL FOR GIRLS.
SIR,
WE THE RESIDENTS OF MULTAN ROAD WANT TO INVITE OR DRAW YOUR ATTENTION TO THE FACT THAT OUR OWN LACKS THE FACILITY OF HIGHER SECONDARY EDUCATION FOR GIRLS.THE GIRLS AFTER PASSING THEIR(MATRICULATION)EXAMINATION HAVE TO GO TO EITHER TO LAHORE OR PATTOKI TO SEEK ADMISSION IN SOME COLLEGE;WHICH IS QUITE INCONVENIENT FOR THEM AND AN UNBEARABLE FINANCIAL BURDEN UPON THEIR PARENTS.LAHORE AND PATTOKI EACH LIES AT A DISTANCE OF ABOUT 20K.M FROM MULTAN ROAD.SOME GIRLS TRAVEL DAILY TO LAHORE OR PATTOKI TO ATTEND COLLEGE.SOME OF THE PARENTS CAN AFFORD THEIR DAUGHTERS RESIDENCE IN THE HOSTELS OF VARIOUS COLLEGES IN LAHORE OR PATTOKI BUT ALL THE PARENTS CAN'T DO SO SOME PARENTS ARE TOO POOR TO GET THERE GIRLS EDUCATED LOCALLY.IT IS THERE- FORE,REQUESTED THAT TO RELIEVE THE GIRLS OF THE INCONVENIENCE OF DAILY TRAVEL AND THE PARENTS OF EXTRA FINANCIAL BURDEN,THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT HIGH SCHOOL FOR GIRLS MAY BE UPGRADED TO HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL.WE SHALL BE VERY THANKFUL TO YOU FOR THIS FAVOR.
YOURS TRULY,
DASH.
END
Q.WRITE A LETTER TO THE HEALTH OR CHAIRMAN MUNICIPAL COMMITTEE ABOUT THE UNHYGIENIC CONDITION OF YOUR LOCALITY.
DASH.
DASH.
APRIL 7,2015.
TO,
THE CHAIRMAN,
MUNICIPAL COMMITTEE,
DASH.
SIR,
I WANT TO DRAW YOUR ATTENTION TO THE UNHYGIENIC CONDITION OF DASH.UNHYGIENIC CONDITION IN DASH IS INCREASING VERY FAST.THE STREETS R FULL OF RUBBISH.THE STREETS R FULL OF DIRT AND GARBAGE,MAKING LIFE MISERABLE FOR THE RESIDENTS.EVEN THE SEVERAGE SYSTEM IS NOT FUNCTIONING PROPERLY.PEOPLE THROW THE RUBBISH OUT OF THEIR HOUSES INTO THE STREETS.THE STREETS R FILLED WITH DIRTY WATER AND IT IS DIFFICULT TO PASS THROUGH THE STREETS.ALL THE AREA IS A FAVORITE PLACE FOR MOSQUITOES .MALARIA IS SPREADING DUE TO MOSQUITOES.ILL-SMELL IS SPREADING IN ALL THE AREA.JAUNDICE IS ALSO SPREADING.CHOLERA IS SPREADING.TYPHOID IS SPREADING.THE PEOPLE R LEAVING THE AREA. NOW,RAINY SEASON IS SETTING IN.THE SITUATION WILL BE UNBEARABLE.POOR SANITARY CONDITION OF THIS AREA IS INCREASING VERY FAST.YOU R REQUESTED TO TAKE PERSONAL INTEREST IN THIS MATTER AND RELIEVE THE RESIDENTS OF INCONVENIENCE.
YOURS FAITHFULLY,
DASH.
End
EXAMINATION HALL,
LAHORE.
APRIL7,2015.
DASH,
DASH,
LAHORE,
SIR,
IN RESPONSE TO YOUR ADVERTISEMENT PUBLISHED IN THE EXPRESS TODAY OR YESTERDAY FOR THE POST OF A DASH IN YOUR DASH.I OFFER MYSELF AS A CANDIDATE.I AM DASH YEARS OLD OR I AM DASH YEARS OF AGE.I COMPLETED MY GRADUATION FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF PUNJAB TWO YEARS AGO.I AM GOOD LOOKING AND HANDSOME.MY PERSONALITY IS GOOD.
MY BIO-DATA,CERTIFICATES AND TESTIMONIALS ARE ATTACHED WITH THE APPLICATION.MY C.V IS AS UNDER.
1.NAME; DASH.
2.FATHERS NAME; DASH.
3.ADDRESS; DASH.
4.DOB; DASH.
5.QUALIFICATION; DASH.
6.GAMES; DASH.
7.SOCIAL ACTIVITIES.I HAVE BEEN A GOOD DEBATER.
8.EXPERIENCE;WORKED AS A DASH IN A DASH FOR TWO YEARS.
9.COURSE; DASH.
10.MORE.HAFIZ-E-QURAN.
11.MOB; DASH.
I CAN BE CONTACTED AT THE ADDRESS OR MOBILE NUMBER GIVEN ABOVE.
HOPING FOR A FAVORABLE REPLY.
END
Q.MULTI TOPIC L OR AP.
EXN HL,
LHR,
A 7,2015.
DEAR FRIEND/FATHER/BROTHER,
I RECEIVED YOUR LETTER A FEW DAYS AGO BUT I COULD NOT REPLY IT SOON DUE TO HOUSE TESTS.ANYHOW,YOUR LETTER PROVIDED ME INFORMATION ABOUT YOUR CIRCUMSTANCES AND HEALTH.NOW-A-DAYS MY EXAMINATION IS NEAR AND I AM WORKING DAY AND NIGHT TO GET GOOD MARKS.I AM QUITE SATISFIED WITH MY STUDIES.
WRITE TWO OR THREE LINES HERE ABOUT THE TOPIC;
DASH;
DASH;
DASH;
PLEASE INFORM ME ABOUT YOUR BEING.I SHALL BE WITH YOU AFTER THE EXAMINATION.
FATHER,
BROTHER,
YOUR LOVING FRIEND,
DASH
END
Q.MULTI TOPIC LETTER OR APPLICATION
ANY PROBLEM
EXAMINATION HALL,
DASH.
APRIL 7,2015.
THE EDITOR,
THE EXPRESS,
OR
THE INSPECTOR GENERAL OF POLICE,
GOVERNMENT OF THE DASH,
DASH.
SIR,
THROUGH YOUR NEWSPAPER,I SHOULD LIKE TO HIGHLIGHT THE PROBLEM OF DASH.NOW,IT WAS NECESSARY TO INFORM YOU ABOUT THIS SERIOUS PROBLEM OF DASH.THIS PROBLEM IS A POISON FOR OUR SOCIETY.THE PROBLEM OF DASH IS A STIGMA FOR OUR SOCIETY.THIS PROBLEM HAS BECOME ONE OF THE MOST EMBARRASSING AND EXPLOSIVE PROBLEM.THE EXISTENCE OF THIS EVIL IN ANY SOCIETY HAS BAD EFFECTS.
SIR,
IT HAS BEEN OBSERVED WHERE THERE IS NO ORDER THE COUNTRY LOSE ITS BALANCE OR IT WAS EVIDENT FROM THE PAST THAT WHERE THERE IS NO ORDER THE COUNTRY LOSE ITS BALANCE OR WHEN WE READ THE PAGES OF HISTORY WE CAN SEE THAT WHERE THERE IS NO ORDER THE COUNTRY LOSE ITS BALANCE.
SOME SUGGESTIONS TO SOLVE THIS PROBLEM ARE GIVEN BELOW;
1.EVERY PAKISTANI SHOULD REALIZE HIS DUTY TO CHECK THIS EVIL.
2.IT IS A MAJOR PROBLEM SPECIALLY IN THE THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES.
3.WE CANNOT PROGRESS BECAUSE OF THIS PROBLEM.
4.THE GOVERNMENT HERSELF SHOULD TAKE SUITABLE STEPS TO DO THE NEED-FULL OR TO ERASE THE PROBLEM OF DASH.
5.THE PUBLIC SHOULD ALSO BE WARNED TO BE CAREFUL AND WISE IN FUTURE.
6.THE CONCERNED STAFF SHOULD BE MADE MORE ACTIVE.
I HOPE THAT SOMETHING WILL BE DONE IMMEDIATELY TO REMOVE THE FEARS AND MISSING GIVING'S FROM THE PUBLIC MIND OR TO REMOVE THE PROBLEM OF DASH.
SO,IN VIEW OF THE ABOVE FACTS YOU ARE REQUESTED TO ERASE OR SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF DASH.
I HOPE YOU WILL TAKE SERIOUS NOTICE IN THIS RESPECT.
I ALSO HOPE THAT ONLY U CAN SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF DASH.
I ONCE AGAIN WANT TO REQUEST U TO SOLVE THIS PROBLEM.
I SHALL BE VERY THANKFUL TO U FROM THE CORES OF MY HEART,IF THIS SERIOUS PROBLEM IS SOLVED.
YOURS TRULY,
DASH
ADDRESS; DASH
END
Q.WRITE A LETTER TO THE SECRETARY ROAD TRANSPORT AUTHORITY ABOUT THE TRANSPORT PROBLEM,THE COMMUTERS FACE IN YOUR CITY.
EX HL,
DASH.
AP 7,2015.
TO,
THE SECRETARY,
ROAD TRANSPORT AUTHORITY,
DASH.
SUBJECT;TRANSPORT PROBLEM IN DASH.
DEAR SIR,
I WANT TO DRAW YOUR ATTENTION TO THE SORROWFUL CONDITIONS OF TRANSPORT.STUDENTS AND PEOPLE AT BUS STOPS WANT TO REACH COLLEGES,EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AND OFFICES ON TIME BUT MOSTLY THEY GET LATE DUE TO URBAN TRANSPORT PROBLEMS.HUNDREDS OF COMMUTERS OR PEOPLES ARE SEEN STANDING AT DIFFERENT PLACES WAITING FOR WAGONS AND BUSES.THE URBAN TRANSPORT BUSES ARE RARELY SEEN WITH THE RESULT THAT THE COMMUTERS HAVE TO TRAVEL BY WAGONS.BUT,UNFORTUNATELY THE WAGON CONDUCTORS NOT ONLY MISBEHAVE WITH PEOPLE,PARTICULARLY LADIES BUT ALSO OVERLOAD THEIR WAGONS.THEY PACK THE PASSENGERS LIKE CHICKENS,DRIVE AT HIGH SPEED IN THE ATTEMPT TO OVERTAKE OTHER WAGONS.SOMETIMES THEY CAUSE ACCIDENTS.THE COMMUTERS TRAVEL IN THEM AT THE RISK OF THEIR LIVES.THE RICKSHAW AND TAXI FARES ARE BEYOND THE REACH OF COMMON PEOPLE.THERE R A FEW BUSES ON THE ROADS.SO,IN VIEW OF HE ABOVE FACTS THE NUMBER OF URBAN TRANSPORT BUSES SHOULD BE INCREASED OR THERE IS A NEED TO INCREASE THE NUMBER OF BUSES IN CITIES SO THAT STUDENTS MAY REACH IN TIME.STEPS SHOULD BE TAKEN TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF DASH.
END
Q.WRITE A LETTER TO THE SECRETARY EDUCATION,GOVT OF THE DASH GIVING STRONG REASONS TO UPGRADE THE HIGH SCHOOL FOR GIRLS IN YOUR TOWN.
92-MULTAN ROAD,
DASH.
APRIL 7,2015.
TO,
THE SECRETARY,
GOVERNMENT OF THE DASH,
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT,
DASH.
SUBJECT;UP GRADATION OF HIGH SCHOOL FOR GIRLS.
SIR,
WE THE RESIDENTS OF MULTAN ROAD WANT TO INVITE OR DRAW YOUR ATTENTION TO THE FACT THAT OUR OWN LACKS THE FACILITY OF HIGHER SECONDARY EDUCATION FOR GIRLS.THE GIRLS AFTER PASSING THEIR(MATRICULATION)EXAMINATION HAVE TO GO TO EITHER TO LAHORE OR PATTOKI TO SEEK ADMISSION IN SOME COLLEGE;WHICH IS QUITE INCONVENIENT FOR THEM AND AN UNBEARABLE FINANCIAL BURDEN UPON THEIR PARENTS.LAHORE AND PATTOKI EACH LIES AT A DISTANCE OF ABOUT 20K.M FROM MULTAN ROAD.SOME GIRLS TRAVEL DAILY TO LAHORE OR PATTOKI TO ATTEND COLLEGE.SOME OF THE PARENTS CAN AFFORD THEIR DAUGHTERS RESIDENCE IN THE HOSTELS OF VARIOUS COLLEGES IN LAHORE OR PATTOKI BUT ALL THE PARENTS CAN'T DO SO SOME PARENTS ARE TOO POOR TO GET THERE GIRLS EDUCATED LOCALLY.IT IS THERE- FORE,REQUESTED THAT TO RELIEVE THE GIRLS OF THE INCONVENIENCE OF DAILY TRAVEL AND THE PARENTS OF EXTRA FINANCIAL BURDEN,THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT HIGH SCHOOL FOR GIRLS MAY BE UPGRADED TO HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL.WE SHALL BE VERY THANKFUL TO YOU FOR THIS FAVOR.
YOURS TRULY,
DASH.
END
Q.WRITE A LETTER TO THE HEALTH OR CHAIRMAN MUNICIPAL COMMITTEE ABOUT THE UNHYGIENIC CONDITION OF YOUR LOCALITY.
DASH.
DASH.
APRIL 7,2015.
TO,
THE CHAIRMAN,
MUNICIPAL COMMITTEE,
DASH.
SIR,
I WANT TO DRAW YOUR ATTENTION TO THE UNHYGIENIC CONDITION OF DASH.UNHYGIENIC CONDITION IN DASH IS INCREASING VERY FAST.THE STREETS R FULL OF RUBBISH.THE STREETS R FULL OF DIRT AND GARBAGE,MAKING LIFE MISERABLE FOR THE RESIDENTS.EVEN THE SEVERAGE SYSTEM IS NOT FUNCTIONING PROPERLY.PEOPLE THROW THE RUBBISH OUT OF THEIR HOUSES INTO THE STREETS.THE STREETS R FILLED WITH DIRTY WATER AND IT IS DIFFICULT TO PASS THROUGH THE STREETS.ALL THE AREA IS A FAVORITE PLACE FOR MOSQUITOES .MALARIA IS SPREADING DUE TO MOSQUITOES.ILL-SMELL IS SPREADING IN ALL THE AREA.JAUNDICE IS ALSO SPREADING.CHOLERA IS SPREADING.TYPHOID IS SPREADING.THE PEOPLE R LEAVING THE AREA. NOW,RAINY SEASON IS SETTING IN.THE SITUATION WILL BE UNBEARABLE.POOR SANITARY CONDITION OF THIS AREA IS INCREASING VERY FAST.YOU R REQUESTED TO TAKE PERSONAL INTEREST IN THIS MATTER AND RELIEVE THE RESIDENTS OF INCONVENIENCE.
YOURS FAITHFULLY,
DASH.
B.Com English Essays
Cash Crops of Pakistan
(For B.Com By Sohail Anjum)
Outline
1. Introduction.
2.Cotton, rice, oil seeds and fruit, are the major cash crops of
Pakistan.
3. Cotton is the silver fiber of cash crops.
4. Rice of Pakistan is liked much in the foreign countries.
5.The world's famous Tobacco Virginia is cultivated in
Peshawar.
6. The fruit of Pakistan are famous all over the world. .
7.Government should supply agricultural machinery, seeds
and interest-free loans to the farmers,,
8. Conclusion
Pakistan is an agricultural country. About 70% of its population depends upon agriculture. A huge number of its people are living in villages. These villagers are working in fields. They are producing two types of crops-food crops and non-food crops. The non-food crops are cash crops. Cash crops mean those crops which earn foreign exchange for our country. The major cash crops of Pakistan are cotton, rice, tobacco, fruits and oil seeds. These crops are exported to foreign countries. With the help of cash crops, the country has been earning huge foreign exchange. These cash crops have become flourishing business for the people of Pakistan. The cash crops of Pakistan are grown in almost all provinces of Pakistan. The farmers grow them willingly.
Cotton is one of the major cash crops which is grown in the fertile lands of Sindh and Punjab. It is the flourishing crop which gives a huge foreign exchange to our country. The government helps the farmers by providing them pesticides and other chemicals to save the crop from the severe attack of dangerous insects and diseases. The government provides high quality seeds to the farmers and guides them about how to grow the crop of cotton scientifically. Cotton is expose in few countries, it is called the silver fiber. Most of our textile industries depend upon the productions of cotton.
Rice is another productive crop of Pakistan. The rice of Pakistan is liked in the foreign countries. It earns a considerable foreign exchange for the country. This crop needs a huge amount of water for its harvest. It is grown in the provinces of Sindh and Punjab. It has many kinds. Normally, it needs a hard soil to grow. Our farmers grow this crop a Sot.
Tobacco is one of the major crops of Pakistan. Its leaves are called the golden leaves. This crop needs soft surface. It is cultivated throughout Pakistan. However, the NWFP is famous for this crop. The northern areas of NWFP like Mansehra, Abbottabad and Swabi districts are favourable places for its cultivation. The world's famous Tobacco called Virginia Tobacco is grown in Peshawar, Swabi and Mansehra. The Tobacco industry is earning a huge foreign exchange, It is exported to European countries as well.
farmers to upgrade the cash crops. Tube wells and canal system should be easily available to the farmers to water the plants well in time. The farmers should be guided and trained in the modern agricultural techniques. They should be provided all facilities in the villages, so that they may pay full attention to their fields and crops.
inflation
Outline
1. Introduction.
2. Inflation has gripped the entire world.
3. High inflation has disturbed the life of poor people.
4. Over population is one of the causes of inflation.
5. Purchase of expensive armed weapons causes inflation.
3. High inflation has disturbed the life of poor people.
4. Over population is one of the causes of inflation.
5. Purchase of expensive armed weapons causes inflation.
6.The industrial system and poor agriculture should be
improved.
7.Storage of goods by the industrialists and businessmen
should be banned.
8.Conclusion.
The rise in the prices of the daily commodities is called inflation. Inflation means to gain a few items by big money. Inflation is one of the»biggest problems faced by the entire world. Even the well-developed nations are in the grip of inflation. However, Pakistan, which is an under developed
country is facing inflation problem very seriously. The prices of the daily use items are increasing
regularly. It is creating huge and hard problems to almost all the people.
Majority of our population is poor. They work in the fields, factories, industries or in the offices. All these people are living hand to mouth. They draw meagre salaries. They do not have extra resources to meet their needs. They are facing the hard situation of life. That is the reason that all members of the society are working hard to pull the cart of their life. Inflation has created adverse effects on the society. Ours is a joint family system. Each family, approximately consists of seven to ten members. To fulfill the desires and needs of all members of the family, the working hands are compelled to adopt any other means to earn livelihood. In this way, crimes, looting, killing and corruption are increasing day by day. The government employees are forced to accept bribes and misuse their powers. Injustice, cruelty and dishonour are prevailing in the society.
Our country lacks industries, mills and factories. We have to purchase many items from foreign countries. In some fields, we have established our own industries, but we are lack of raw materials, which we have to purchase from foreign countries. Pakistan is an agricultural country. Alas! This sector is not given proper attention. We have to purchase wheat, corn and sugar
from our neighbouring countries. It causes high inflation. The frequent elections and instability in the government policies are wasting a huge amount of national money. The projects are almost short termed, left incomplete and in this way the nation faces high inflation. To meet the deficit of the budget, the government prints new currency notes. When the money comes in abundance, the rich people waste it purchasing things for high prices. In this way the inflation rises. Sometimes the businessmen and the industrialists rise the prices of the things to earn a huge profit. In the same way, the government, sometimes imposes high taxes on some items, which causes for the high inflation and high prices. Our population is very huge. A large number of people needs abundance of things. This situation creates high inflation.
Pakistan is an under developed country. It cannot face high inflation. It is, therefore, necessary to develope the economy, multiply the industrial sector, and to pay full attention to the agriculture to improve the yield per acre. The government should spread a network of technical educational institutions to produce professionals and skilful graduates. Each and everybody should be given equal rights and the rich people should be stopped to cross the limits of wealth.
The Dignity Of Labour
By
Labour we generally mean manual work that is work done with the hands
as distinguished from mental work or work done with the head. In ancient
times manual labor was looked down upon and the manual worker was
treated as an inferior being. Most ancient states were based upon slave
labor. Even the Greek citizens who devoted themselves to the higher
slaves and yet it was ancient Greek that taught the world the lessons of
political liberty and self government. In modern times slavery has been
abolished by all civilized countries. Yet a hundred years ago slavery
still existed as a recognized institution.
Manual labour is recognized today at least in theory as being worthy of free citizens and no stigma attaches to a man because he works with his hands rather than with his head. And yet the leisured classes still look down on the working classes. And many a young man of the middle class would rather wear a black coat and sit on an officer still at a paltry salary than soil his hands and earn double the money as an artisan.
This contempt of manual labour is absurd and wrong and the distinction between manual and mental work is misleading. All manual work even so called unskilled labour requires some thought and the skilled work of the engineer the carpenter and the builder and the potter is really as much mental as manual. It takes more intelligence to be an expert electrician or even a mason than to be an officer clerk copying letters all day.
But what we have still to learn is that honest work of all kinds is dignified and worthy of respect. In Pakistan even the humble sweeper who does unpleasant and absolutely necessary work ought to be respected instead of being regarded with contempt and thrust down into the lowest caste. The only things we should be ashamed of are idleness and trying to live by one's wits without labour. Work is worship and to work is to pray. We should take off our hats to honest toil and honour the honest workman.
Manual labour is recognized today at least in theory as being worthy of free citizens and no stigma attaches to a man because he works with his hands rather than with his head. And yet the leisured classes still look down on the working classes. And many a young man of the middle class would rather wear a black coat and sit on an officer still at a paltry salary than soil his hands and earn double the money as an artisan.
This contempt of manual labour is absurd and wrong and the distinction between manual and mental work is misleading. All manual work even so called unskilled labour requires some thought and the skilled work of the engineer the carpenter and the builder and the potter is really as much mental as manual. It takes more intelligence to be an expert electrician or even a mason than to be an officer clerk copying letters all day.
But what we have still to learn is that honest work of all kinds is dignified and worthy of respect. In Pakistan even the humble sweeper who does unpleasant and absolutely necessary work ought to be respected instead of being regarded with contempt and thrust down into the lowest caste. The only things we should be ashamed of are idleness and trying to live by one's wits without labour. Work is worship and to work is to pray. We should take off our hats to honest toil and honour the honest workman.
The Importance of Commerce Education
(For B.Com By Sohail Anjum)
Outline
1. Introduction.
2. Material prosperity depends upon commerce education.
3.The modern business and trade are complex and
complicated.
4.Commerce education trains the students to understand the
modern business.
5.A commerce graduate keeps "his eyes on the market and
the customers.
6. A commerce graduate administers the business well.
7. it makes the individuals self-sufficient and independent.
8. Commerce education strengthens the economy.
6. A commerce graduate administers the business well.
7. it makes the individuals self-sufficient and independent.
8. Commerce education strengthens the economy.
9. Conclusion.
The modern world is very fast and complicated. It is a world of commerce and business. Every country tries its level best to have frequent trade and commercial dealings with other countries to improve its economy. The prosperity and the growth of economy of a nation depends upon its business, trade and commerce and highly developed industries. In the past, the business and other commercial dealings were easy, but the high growth rate of population and development of all the nations have made the trade and business very complicated and hard. The modern business requires highly trained and skilful young men. This requirement has given due importance to commerce education.
The main objectives of the commerce education are to train and to educate our youth to manage the highly complicated modern business, and to get the desired results from the trade. Commerce education means to enable our youth to compete in the modern business and to pace with the modern world. The commerce education gives pragmatic approach of the modern economics and industry. The commerce education enables the youth to understand and judge the various trends of trade and business of the modern world.
A commerce graduate keeps his eyes on profit and loss, the rise and fall in the business and the demand of the modern time. He knows well how to deal with the customers. He can advertise the items and commodities of his company and the country well.
A well-organized company needs a well-educated manager. A commerce graduate manages his company well according to the needs of the hour. He judges well and makes a good forecast of the future. He attracts the foreign companies and customers easily. The commerce education trains the youth in the fields of costing, income tax practice and sales tax practice. The commerce education makes the individuals independent and self-sufficient. They earn their livelihood by themselves. Commerce education enables them well aware about the. challenges of the modern times. After completing the commerce education, it becomes easy for them to choose a right career, of their choice. They reach their destination easily and gain their goals.
The commerce education has become a pressing need of the modern times. The development of a nation is measured with its strong economy. If the economy of a nation is strong and well built, that nation is honoured and liked in the entire world. All the nations of the world desire to. have trade and business with, that nation. If the economy of a nation is weak and poor, that nation is left behind in the entire world. It means, that the progress of a nation depends upon economy and a well-set economy is possible only when it is managed by commerce graduates. Keeping in view the importance, of commerce and commercial education, the government has established many commercial institutions. These institutions are training the boys and girls in commerce education.
The Role of Banks in Economic Development
Outline
1. Introduction and history of banking.
2. The start of the money lending system.
3. Meaning of the term "bank".
4. Interest system in the banks.
5. The banks conduct sale and purchase for the customers.
6. Commercial banks give loan to the customers.
2. The start of the money lending system.
3. Meaning of the term "bank".
4. Interest system in the banks.
5. The banks conduct sale and purchase for the customers.
6. Commercial banks give loan to the customers.
7.On-line banking and ATM system are the wonders of the banks.
8. Islamic view of interest-free banking system.
Bank is an institution which conducts transactions of money. The people deposit their money in the safe custody of banks. The transaction of money in the banks is conducted through account numbers. The origin of banking can be traced in the history. It is believed that the Babylonians used their temples as banks 2000 B.C. ago and the priests acted as bankers. With the passage of time the Greeks and the Romans organized private banks in such a way that the public had full confidence in them. They followed proper rules and regulations. As the time passed, trade and commerce started expanding and the money lenders organized themselves.
Originally, the money lenders used to lend their own money but then they started lending money of other people which had been entrusted to them. This was the start of depositing money into the banks and the banking system. The Goldsmith had built vaults and strong rooms to save their money and other possessions. The common public entrusted their money to the Goldsmith for the safe custody. The public seldom wanted to withdraw all their savingsat one time. In this way, the bankers and the Goldsmith used to lend that money to other people. They kept a percentage of the deposits to meet day to day withdrawals and lent out the rest on interest. Next, the bankers began to lend t h e i r own currency notes. Later on, these currency notes were replaced by cheques.
The word Bank, which is derived from the Latin word Banco, means a bench upon which the early bankers used to transact their business in the market place. The word Bank may mean the joint stock fund. The modern banking system is a huge organization. Usually six banking structures work in a country. These are the State Bank, Commercial Banks, Saving Banks, Co- Operative Banks, Exchange Banks and Specialized' Financial Institution.
The Banks play various functions. They accept deposits of the public. The people deposit their
money in banks for security purposes. This money is used by the government for various developmental projects. The government gives interest to the people for their deposited money. This is the oldest banking form and function. All Commercial Banks act as agents for payment. They allow their customers to have current accounts on which they can with draw money from the bank by cheque system. The State Bank, which is the sole authority, issues currency notes. The public uses these currency notes in various business and earns profit. Sometimes, these new currency notes cause inflation. The banks lend money to the customers. It is a profitable business for the bank. The banks receive due interest and mark up for the loan given to the customers. The people use the money of the banks and invest it in various types of business. They pay interest as well 3S tax for the money to the government.
The banks act as agents for the customers. They conduct
commercial transactions. For example, the banks purchase cars and other vehicles for the customers. The people return the money with full interest to the* bank in various instalments. Similarly, the banks allow credit cards to the customers. The customers purchase various items and the money is paid through the credit card, In this way, the banks earn money for the government through interest system. The banks issue bank drafts and traveller cheques. In this way the money of the people is saved. The banks also accept payments of insurance premiums, electricity, telephone and gas bills etc.
The commercial banks provide loans to farmers, industrialists, traders and businessmen. These people flourish their businesses with the money given by banks and as a result, they provide an increase in national output, employment and per capita income. The banks have provided on-line banking facility to the customers. There is ATM facility which has enabled us to withdraw money from the banks round the clock. The banks help the customers in doing export and import trade. The banks have facilitated the purchase and sale of foreign currencies.
Modern banking is based on interest. Interest is strictly forbidden in Islam. Those scholars, who are expert both in Islamic economic system and modern economic system, have given many practicable suggestions to launch interest-free banking. Islam is not against banking, but it is against the interest because interest is producing accumulation of wealth in few hands. For the sake of wide and real circulation of wealth, interest-free banking is essential. According to the Islamic concept of Economics, we have the-best interest-free Banking system, and the authorities must implement it.
Unemployment
By Sohail Anjum
Outline
1. Introduction.
2.Unemployment is destroying the youth.
3.Unemployment is a problem faced even by the
professionals.
4.Over population has increased unemployment.
5.Lack of industries, factories and mills.
.Long tenure of employment and entry of retired people into
other jobs.
7.Poor agricultural system.
8.Lack of technical and commercial education.
9. Conclusion.
When a person is not engaged in any kind of work to earn his livelihood, such a state of life is called unemployment. Unemployment is one of the serious and grave problems of the entire world. Unemployment has not only disturbed and confused the third world countries, but it has also gripped the West where the people are highly skilled, educated and progressive. A huge population of the world is unemployed. However, Pakistan is facing the critical state of unemployment.
Pakistan is an under developed country. It has been trying its level best to overcome this problem of unemployment, but unfortunately the problem of unemployment is increasing day by day. The youth are the future-builders of our nation and the fate of the country will come in their hands in the days to come. Alas! The youth, due to joblessness Ere becoming criminals and rascals. They are being wasted. These unemployed youths are looting, robbing and stealing the things to meet their needs. Most of the unemployed youths have associated with the gangsters, extremists and terrorists, who exploit them for their own benefits. Apart from these factors, there are countless educated people, holding Master degrees and most of them are
professionals like doctors, engineers and computer specialists, but they are jobless and
unemployed.
There are many factors responsible for the unemployment. The first and foremost is over population. Our population is very huge and gigantic, while the resources are meager. The population is increasing rapidly, but the resources are not multiplying at the same speed. On the other hand, the government cannot provide so many jobs to such a huge population. Education is the birth right of all of us. All parents desire to educate their children. As a result, the universities are producing innumerable graduates every year. On the other hand, the government cannot give so many jobs to all the people.
Unfortunately, the money of the national treasure is accumulated in the hands of a few people. They deposit this money either in banks or homes or waste it on unnecessary pomp ad show. They are not ready to invest this huge money in productive businesses like establishing factories, industries and mills. Similarly most of our politicians have stored the national money in the foreign banks and so the government does not have sources to employ the huge number of youths. The government cannot establish new projects to wash off the spot of unemployment.
The tenure for job and service is long. The people who are serving in government offices are not ready to retire from the job. They are old and weak and cannot serve well. They get extension of tenure for their jobs. If by any means, these old employees retire from one office, they enter other jobs. In this way the chances for the young people are snatched and they are left unemployed. Similarly, there is a quota system in all departments. The son, whether deserves or not, is supposed to succeed his father. In this way the right of intelligent people is snatched and they are deprived of justice and employment.
Pakistan is an agricultural country. About 70 % of its
population depends upon agriculture, but unfortunately, this sector is left untouched. If agriculture is given proper attention, the problem of unemployment would be solved considerably. The education system of our country is not pacing with the modern world. It is not challenging and productive. It is based on theoretical approach. The practical approach is absent in it. The youth have Master degrees in their hands, but they cannot utilize their knowledge practically. There should be professional, technical, industrial 'and commercial education. The youth should be trained in proper skills and arts so that they may depend on themselves in the future.
Unemployment has disturbed the entire world. However, it can be controlled. The government and the private sector should establish industries, factories and mills. The educated youth should be given interest-free loans to establish businesses of their own. The universities should produce professionals. People, retired from any job should be banned to work on any other post. The merit system -should be implemented and corruption should be avoided by all means.
End
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